RESEARCH & PUBLICATIONS

Technical Work

Patents, research papers, and technical contributions at the intersection of aerospace propulsion and computational biology.

Patents

Utility Patents (Published/Granted)

US Patent ApplicationPUBLISHED

Method and Apparatus for Handling of Refunds in Association with a Functionally Dynamic Card

PUBLICATION NUMBER: US-2024-0378581-A12024

Inventor: Dinesh Appavoo

Method and apparatus for handling of refunds in association with a functionally dynamic card.

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Provisional Patent Applications (Filed)

PROVISIONALFILED

Methods, Systems, Apparatuses, and Devices for Facilitating Performing a Payment Transaction for an Order

APPLICATION NUMBER: US 63/961,280 • Filed: January 15, 2026

Inventor: Dinesh Appavoo

Payment processing system and method for facilitating secure and efficient transaction processing in retail and e-commerce environments through integrated terminal devices and mobile banking applications.

Provisional patents are not publicly searchable. This application is pending conversion to a utility patent.

Published Papers

Computational Biology2024

HemaTwin: Artificial Intelligence Based Molecular Digital Twin of Human Blood

Dinesh Appavoo, Olivia Levine

Blood is a complex biological system composed of cellular elements, plasma proteins, metabolites, gases, and transient foreign agents. We present a comprehensive framework for cataloging, storing, and comparing blood constituents using AlphaFold 3-based structural prediction...

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Aerospace Engineering2024

A Comprehensive Design Journey: HyperX Full-Flow Staged Combustion Engine from Concept to 3D Model

Dinesh Appavoo

This paper presents a comprehensive design journey for developing a Full-Flow Staged Combustion (FFSC) rocket engine from fundamental concepts to detailed 3D modeling. The FFSC cycle represents one of the most efficient rocket engine architectures...

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Financial Technology2024

Howti Gateway: A Closed-Loop Instant Payment System for In-Store Retail Transactions

Dinesh Appavoo

Traditional in-store payment processing faces significant challenges including high interchange fees and settlement delays. This paper presents Howti Gateway, a novel closed-loop payment system that reduces fees to 1.6-1.9% and enables instant settlements...

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Aerospace Engineering2026

Human-Graded Rocket Stage Landing via Robotic Capture, Active Landing Legs, and Translating Hydraulic Platform

Dinesh Appavoo

This paper presents a multi-layered hydraulic attenuation system designed for the controlled vertical landing of a crewed rocket second stage. The proposed architecture integrates robotic catching arms, hydraulic landing legs, and a translating platform to maintain crew acceleration within NASA's 3g sustained and 6g transient tolerance criteria...

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